Hi,
you might want to try this line for the active object:
bpy.ops.object.modifier_add_node_group(asset_library_type="ESSENTIALS", asset_library_identifier="", relative_asset_identifier="geometry_nodes\\smooth_by_angle.blend\\NodeTree\\Smooth by Angle")
But you might have to test a bit if it will work for you. There are some limitations as these assets are loaded delayed when Blender starts up. So results might depend on the the exact workflow and details in your script.