What's the best way to sculpt feathers?

Right now I’m working on a model that I plan to use a feather normal map for, and I’ve tried to do so using a feather brush that I created. The results so far have been less then satisfactory.

Is there a better method (or at least a more refined one) to create the effect I’m looking for?

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I wouldn’t sculpt them. I’d use a particle system for them, then possibly bake the displacement and normals. But do whatever you think works best.

I’ve tried that, except that trying to comb hair that uses objects is an act of futility. The moment you switch out of particle mode, the hairs revert to their original configuration.

Here’s a tutorial from blender cookie:

I’m not trying to create a wing (even if I was, the method in the tutorial is a rather primitive one), I’m trying to to create a feather texture for, say the body or legs of a bird.