Can I retarget structurally different rigs?

If by structurally you mean different bone counts, then yes retargetting is possible.
If you’re referring to the out by 90 or 270 degree bones to the right, I don’t know / never tried that.
If .bvh files, upon import you can specify the .bvh axis order which might fix the armature on the right. You can verify axis order via a text editor.

To save me repeating myself check out: Motion Capture in Blender

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