Determining whether a UV face is flipped, and in which direction(s) through Python

so, unlike the other posts, and even other addons I’ve seen - I not only need to mathematically determine whether or not a UV face is flipped, but also along which axis(es)

Unfortunately since the original textures/UV mapping was designed for an engine that doesn’t allow UV direction to influence normal map functionality, simply “unflipping” flipped UVs will only mess things up.

Any help with wrapping my head around the math involved would be greatly appreciated.