Higgsas Nodes has a recursive subdivider in it: (Higgsas) Geometry Nodes Groups Blender 3.3/3.4/3.5
The particular pattern you’ve shown is a little trickier though (not no originating cut that goes from one side to the opposite) … using the ‘cut in half-ish’, cut each result in half-ish, etc. etc., is a bit easier.