The square holes are trivial, since it is a combination of insets, extrude along normals, extrude…However, I’m stuck when it comes to model the circular part.
I noticed that a 64 sided cylinder would work quite well regarding the fusion with the existing mesh. The results are not perfect (the 4 points of contact mean that the outer radius is not an exact circle), but it works well enough.
When I inset the cylinder in order to make the inner radius, I applied LoopTools - Circle. That was vital to achieve a perfect inner radius.